Bone Abstracts

Background: Peroxisomal Biogenesis Disorders (PBD) is a group of rare metabolic diseases in which peroxisomal function is disrupted. PBD encompasses Zellweger Syndrome Spectrum (ZSS) disorders, which range in severity from classical ZS with severe neurological impairment and markedly reduced life expectancy to Refsum Disease presenting later in childhood. Recent fragility fractures in our ZSS patients in very early childhood prompted case series review.P...

Osteocalcin, the neurotrophins BDNF/NGF and Oxytocin(Oxt) have pleiotropic effects on energy metabolism, bone mass, reproduction and brain functions suggesting a coordinated regulation. The carboxylated osteocalcin(Ost) acts on bone, while the uncarboxylated Ost shows hormone-like actions. NGF regulates female fertility elevating LH, Ost−/− mice show high LH in spite of decreased testosterone. BDNF/NGF-Oxt-Ost interactions was investigated by RT-PCR meas...

Bone is a complex tissue constituted by a mineral phase, hydroxyapatite, and an organic phase, mainly represented by collagen type I. Specialized cells are responsible for bone formation and remodeling. Osteoblasts represent the bone forming cells, osteocyte are the orchestrator of bone remodeling through regulation of the other bone cells activity, by functioning as endocrine cells and by acting as mechanosensor, and osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells. Mesenchymal osteopro...

Objectives: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) type XIV is a recessive OI form characterized by bone fragility, multiple fractures and growth retardation. It is caused by mutation in TMEM38B gene encoding the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) channel TRIC-B. This channel allows the transport of K+ across the ER membrane modulating Ca2+ flux. Defective ER Ca2+ impaires collagen type I synthesis, likely affecting the activity of ER enzymes involved in its post translational modification. To ...

Evaluation of time-related changes of serum biochemical bone metabolism markers was performed in male pigs. Control group (n=7) received saline. NanoCa group (n=7) received nanopartical calcium per os (Ace Nano Calcium, NanoTechWorld, Korea). Dex group (n=7) received dexamethasone (1 mg/kg/48 hr i.m.). NanoCa/Dex group (n=6) received simultaneously nanopartical calcium and dexamethasone the same as the groups NanoCa and Dex...

Objective: Bone fractures are very common in children and their number is growing every year. Vitamin D has a proven role in the prevention of fractures. In the recent study, we have shown that children with low-energy fractures have significantly lower vitamin D blood levels compared to the children without fractures. Our data indicate that higher levels of vitamin D reduced the risk of fracture by 1.06 times (P<0.0005).Past decade has seen...

Background: Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) experience musculoskeletal complications including spinal deformities, hip dysplasia and disuse osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates can improve bone mineral density, prevent fragility fractures. It is unclear if prior bisphosphonate use modifies post-operative complication in children with CP. Our aim was to compare surgical complications in children with CP with and without previous bisphosphonate treatment.<p class=...

Osteoporosis, as a global public health concern, may be induced by various hazardous substances such as cadmium (Cd) and pesticide diazinon (DZN). Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, can adversely modify bone structure in higher concentrations. The current study was designed to investigate structural changes in femoral bone of adult male rats after simultaneous co-administration to Cd, DZN, and Se. A total of 20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experiment...

Aim: Human gut microbiota is an important determinant of health and disease. Discoveries from recent microbiome studies have been postulated as actionable targets to treat malnutrition, diabetes, obesity among other conditions. The role of the gut microbiome on the development of the human musculoskeletal system is yet to be established. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of the gut in relation to bone m...

There is a growing evidence of the association between HIV infection and fracture risk. Independently of its cause (antiretroviral therapy (ART) or HIV), what remains most important is a prompt diagnosis. Although densitometry is the gold standard, sometimes this technique is not as accurate as necessary in clinical practice. A new validated tool for early and more accurate diagnosis is presented.MethodsIn a HIV group of patients, ...