Bone Abstracts

Osteoclast (OC)-mediated bone destruction is a key feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In RA synovial tissue a reduced density of catecholaminergic nerve fibres has been observed. Studies on sweat gland innervation proved that catecholaminergic fibres have the ability to undergo a phenotypic transition to cholinergic nerves. The sympathetic neurotransmitters norepinephrine (NE), acetylcholine (ACh), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) affect osteoclastogenesis oppositely...

Background: Relationships between muscle function and bone have been examined using a range of techniques, with conflicting results. We aimed to determine these associations within an adult population comprising individuals with high bone mass and family controls.Methods: Recruitment was from four UK sites within the high bone mass (HBM) study; cases and unaffected family controls were pooled. Peak ground reaction force and peak power, during a multiple ...

Introduction: Osteoporosis and fragility fractures are recognized complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previously Riches et al. described a patient with celiac disease and severe osteoporosis in whom neutralizing antibodies to osteoprotegerin (OPG) were present. The aim of this study was to determine if OPG autoantibodies were present in patients with RA and other rheumatic diseases and to relate these to clinical features.Methods: We dev...

Introduction: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by low bone mass, skeletal fragility and, frequently, short stature. We previously showed in oim/oim mice that sclerostin inhibition increased bone mass, mineral content and strength. Here, we compared the body length and the sizes of long bones, head and vertebrae between oim/oim and wildtype mice and analyzed the effect of sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) on these parameters.Materials and methods:...

Osteoporosis and vertebral fractures are recognised complications of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) but the underlying causes are incompletely understood. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a decoy receptor for RANK-L and inhibits osteoclastogenesis. We have previously demonstrated that antibodies to OPG (OPG-Ab) are associated with osteoporosis and increased bone turnover in patients with autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to determine whether OPG-Abs were detectable in AS pat...

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Vertebral fractures are the most common complication of osteoporosis, but little is known about the genetic determinants of susceptibility. Here we present the results of a genome wide association study in 1553 postmenopausal women with clinical vertebral fractures and 4340 controls, with replication in 667 cases and 2105 controls. A locus tagged by a less frequent variant (rs10190845, A-allele MAF=0.05) was identified on chromosome 2q13 as a strong predictor of clinical verte...

Objective: Children with hypophosphatasia (HPP) treated with asfotase alfa in a Phase 2 study (NCT00952484) and its open-label extension (NCT01203826) experienced significant improvements in skeletal mineralization and physical function that were sustained through 5 years of treatment (1). Herein, we report data from these studies with a maximum of 7 years of treatment.Methods: Children with HPP aged 6–12 years at baseline received asfotase alfa (3 ...

Objectives: Studies indicate that later puberty is associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) in childhood. Less is known about effects of puberty timing on long-term bone accrual. We examined association between age at puberty and BMD accrual rate from 10 to 25 years.Methods: This was a prospective birth cohort of healthy largely European people born in southwest England in 1991–1992 and regularly follow-up from birth to mean age 25 years. Ag...

Objectives: Osteocytes play a major role in bone metabolism as mechanosensors, key regulators of osteoblast and osteoclast activity and of the mineral homeostasis. Therefore the assessment of osteocytes characteristics is important to understand bone pathology. We propose to study indirectly the osteocytes by performing quantitative backscattered electron imaging to quantify the sectioned osteocyte lacunae density and size in 2D on bone samples.Methods: ...