Bone Abstracts

Objective: It is well known that monocytes differentiate into osteoclasts. However, we found that human dendritic cells (DCs) also differentiate to osteoclast-like cells and assessed the role of dendritic cell-derived osteoclast (DC-OC) in pathological processes of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: DC-OCs were differentiated from human monocyte-derived DCs in vitro. The function of DC-OCs was compared to human mono...

Background: Observations in rodents suggest that osteocalcin (OC) participates in glucose metabolism. Data from human studies are inconclusive and it remains unclear whether OC is simply a marker of bone turnover (BTM) or if it also mediates interactions between the skeleton and glucose homeostasis. This study determined the responses of BTMs, including OC, to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in obese and normal-weight subjects.Materials and methods: P...

Participation in high impact sports during growth increases bone quality. Gymnasts have previously displayed increased bone mass and strength at both the upper and lower limbs compared with controls. However, it is not yet understood how bone microarchitecture is affected by gymnastics participation, and if this differs based on gymnastics discipline. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of gymnastics discipline on bone microarchitecture in a...

Objectives: To assess the vitamin D nutrition status of healthy children in the age group 2–5 years and to assess the daily dietary calcium intake of these children.Methods: A total of 100 healthy children (age group 2–5 years) were studied in this cross sectional study. Dietary calcium and energy intake was estimated using 24 h dietary recall method. Average sun exposure over last 3 days was assessed by calculating u.v. score. Biochemical para...

Fractures are very common and affect 2% of the population per annum. Fragility fractures represent the greatest unmet need and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no approved therapy for enhancing healing of fragility fractures. We previously reported that upregulation of the early inflammatory response following skeletal injury can promote fracture repair (Glass et al PNAS 2011). Inflammation represents the earliest response followin...

Aim: To evaluate progression of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) during pubertal development and influence of body composition and vitamin D on BMD and BMC in children and adolescents.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was part of an ongoing health survey of Delhi school children. Total 1905 apparently healthy school children (835 boys; and 1070 girls) in the age group of 6–17 years were studied. After brief h...

Background: Skull development is a tightly regulated process that occurs along the osteogenic interfaces of the cranial sutures that allow rapid bone formation at the edges of the bone fronts. Premature closure of cranial sutures can result in pathological conditions such as Craniosynostosis. The mechanosensory proteins Polycystin 1 (PC1) and 2 (PC2) have been shown to regulate skeletal development and potentially suture formation.Aim: The aim of study w...

Background: Sun exposure may be limited in Arctic populations and Greenland Inuit have adapted to the Arctic environment. The influence of chronic low vitamin D level on PTH to uphold a normal serum calcium remains to be elucidated.Objective: To describe the association between PTH and factors known to influence PTH-, including vitamin D (25OHD) and calcium, in Arctic populations.Methods: Inuit and non-Inuit in the capital city Nuu...

Objective: Although obesity is a risk factor for vitamin D insufficiency, its impact on vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) concentration, and thereby possibly also on free 25OHD, is less well known. Our aim was to compare total and free serum 25OHD, and DBP concentrations between obese and normal-weight young adults at baseline, and their responses to cholecalciferol supplementation.Design: A 12 weeks’ randomized, double-blinded clinical trial.<p c...

Radiosurgery of the spine is used to treat patients with spinal metastases. Recent studies have shown increased fracture risk in patients treated with high doses of irradiation. This study tested if there is a dose response relationship between prescribed radiation and induced bone loss and metabolism.Methods: Vertebral bodies C5–C7 of ~50 week old female Yucatan minipigs were irradiated at 16, 20, and 24Gy (n=5/dose). The cervical spine re...