Bone Abstracts

The analysis of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) (PTH1–84) is useful in the diagnosis of hyper- and hypocalcaemia, hyperparathyroidism, and in the prevention of bone mineral disorders in renal patients. However, the analysis is complicated by the presence of PTH fragments. These are especially prone to accumulation in renal failure, and cross-react differently with different immunoassays, including the most recent, third-generation immunoassays. As such, large variability...

Prof. David Little received his Medical Degree from the University of Sydney where he is Conjoint Professor of Paediatrics and Child Health, specialising in Orthopaedic Surgery. Prof. D Little is Head of Orthopaedic Research and Biotechnology at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, part of the Sydney Children’s Hospital Network. He has broad clinical interests in Children’s Orthopaedi...

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Tibial dysplasia, which leads to fracture and pseudarthrosis, occurs in around 4% of children with NF1, and also in children with no underlying disorder. Pseudarthrosis of the fibular may or may not be present, or as an isolated entity, as can pseudarthrosis in the forearm (rare). Other bone problems faced by individuals with NF1 are scoliosis (20%), pectus excavatum/carinatum (12%), and sphenoid wing dysplasia (7%). Dural ectasia and plexiform neurofibromas can also affect th...

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Background: Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in patient’s cellular immune response correlate with reductions in BMD.Method: Children undergoing lower gastrointestinal endoscopy disease were approached with an aim of recruiting 15 patients newly diagnosed with Crohn’s Disease (CD) and 15 healthy controls. Lymphocytes were isolated from...

This paper reviews clinical reports of vitamin D deficiency rickets in neonates from 1930 onwards. In 24 reports there was good evidence of maternal deficiency. In some the diagnosis of the rickets led to the identification of symptomatic osteomalacia in the mothers; several had been severe and longstanding. Of the 15 mothers who had assays for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) 13 had values <25 nmol/l (10 ng/ml) and 10 had values <12.5 nmol/l (5 ng/ml).<p class="a...

Background: Scoliosis is lateral curvature of the spine ≥10°, as measured on standing spinal radiographs. There are no published studies that have investigated determinants of scoliosis using a prospective cohort design, making the establishment of cause and effect difficult. Several large population-based cohorts exist throughout the world with a wide range of data already collected, and while spinal imaging with radiographs is not generally collected in these coho...

Background: Scoliosis is lateral curvature of the spine, and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) accounts for the majority of cases of scoliosis. One potential determinant of scoliosis that is of great interest is bone size and density. However, there are no published studies that have investigated determinants of scoliosis using a prospective cohort design making the establishment of cause and effect difficult.Methods: This study was based on the Avon...

Objectives: An increased fracture risk is reported in children requiring recurrent courses of glucocorticoids. Reduced bone mineral density (BMD), particularly in the trabecular compartment, has also been demonstrated in a number of childhood diseases treated with glucocorticoids. The differential contribution of glucocorticoids and underlying inflammatory disease to bone demineralisation is poorly understood. Childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS) often follows a relapsing-remitti...