Bone Abstracts

Purpose: Multipotent stromal cells (MSC)-based regenerative strategy is promising for the repair of cartilage, which is an avascular tissue in which cells experience hypoxia. Hypoxia is known to promote the early chondrogenic differentiation of MSC. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine whether low oxygen tension could be used to enhance the regenerative potential of MSC for cartilage repair.Methods: MSC from rabbits or human adipose tissues (...

Objective: We have observed sex-specific effects of pregnancy calcium carbonate supplementation in 8–12 year old Gambian children, indicating slower growth after infancy in girls born to calcium-supplemented mothers but faster in boys.1,2 IGF-1 is a key driver of growth and is responsive to calcium supplementation.3 The aim of this study was to determine whether the pregnancy supplement had resulted in sex-specific effects on mid-childhood IGF1 of th...

We have previously observed sex-specific effects of maternal calcium supplementation on offspring childhood growth, in a rural Gambian population with habitually low calcium intake (~300 mg daily).1,2 There was no effect on maternal blood pressure, the primary outcome of the original trial.3 In this study, we aim to investigate effects on offspring blood pressure (BP) in the same cohort. We recruited children (205 female, 182 male) born following a random...

We have previously reported sex-specific effects of prepubertal calcium supplementation on the timing of adolescent growth,1 as well as sex-specific effects of maternal calcium supplementation on offspring childhood growth,2,3 in a rural Gambian population with habitually low calcium intake (~300 mg daily). In this study, we aim to investigate longer-term effects of maternal calcium supplementation on adolescent growth in same cohort. We recruited childre...

Objectives: Synovial fluid glutamate concentrations increase in various arthritides. Activation of kainate (KA) and AMPA glutamate receptors (GluRs) increase interleukin 6 (IL6) release and cause arthritic pain respectively. GluR antagonists represent potential peripheral treatments for inflammatory arthritis and inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesised that AMPA and KA GluRs are expressed in arthritic joint tissues and that peripheral ad...

Objective: The protein kinases, PKR, and PERK have been implicated in pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated cartilage degradation in vitro and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced arthritis respectively. The objective of this study was to establish whether loss of P58IPK, an inhibitor of PKR and PERK, results in a degenerative joint phenotype in vivo.Methods: Sections of knee joints from P58IPK-null and wild-type mice...

Background: Bone fragility and vascular calcifications are to the two main morbidities of the mineral and bone disorders associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting from a combination of abnormalities such as impaired GH axis, vitamin D deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, increased FGF23 levels, hypogonadism, denutrition and drug toxicity.Methods: In a single-centre ancillary study of the longitudinal prospective European 4C study (Cardiovascula...

Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a bone derived phosphate-regulating hormone which is elevated in hypophosphataemic rickets. Recent findings demonstrate iron deficiency as a potential mediator of FGF23 expression and murine studies have shown in utero effects of maternal iron deficiency leading to increased FGF23 concentration and disordered bone development (Clinkenbeard. JBMR 2013). Children with rickets in rural Gambia, West Africa, have high prevalences of i...

Osteolytic bone disease (OBD) is a frequent complication of multiple cancers, such as multiple myeloma. OBD is due to the disruption of balanced bone remodelling, with higher bone resorption due to increased osteoclast activation and osteoblast inhibition. Lectin–glycoprotein interactions have been implicated in osteoclast formation. In the current study, we set out to identify lectins that are involved in osteoclastogenesis and to study their role in this process. We ant...

Purpose: Denosumab is commonly used as an anti-resorptive agent to treat osteoporosis. After discontinuation of denosumab, however, bone resorption increases again, and the bone mass gained during therapy is lost within a year.Methods: We present a case report of asymptomatic hypoparathyroid hypercalcemia in a patient who discontinued long-term treatment with denosumab.Results: A 67-year old women with osteoporosis was treated with...