Bone Abstracts

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a rare connective tissue disorder caused by mutation in the gene encoding the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1 (FBN1), leading to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling dysregulation. Although decreased axial and peripheral bone mineral density (BMD) has been reported in adults with MFS, data about the evolution of bone mass during childhood and adolescence are limited.Objectives: The aim of th...

Objective: We have observed sex-specific effects of pregnancy calcium carbonate supplementation in 8–12 year old Gambian children, indicating slower growth after infancy in girls born to calcium-supplemented mothers but faster in boys.1,2 IGF-1 is a key driver of growth and is responsive to calcium supplementation.3 The aim of this study was to determine whether the pregnancy supplement had resulted in sex-specific effects on mid-childhood IGF1 of th...

Pparγ is a master transcriptional regulator of energy metabolism. We demonstrated that Dmp1-Cre/Lox-mice (KO) have increased bone mass and improved energy metabolism. Here we investigated if Pparγ-deficiency in Dmp1 cells can prevent high fat diet effects on these parameters. For this purpose, WT and KO male mice aged of 16 weeks received a high fat or chow diet (HF 60% vs CD 10% of fat) for 12 weeks. Lean and fat, bone structure, metabolic rate and tissue temperatur...

Periostin is a matricellular protein expressed in late osteoblasts/osteocytes, which levels increase in response to PTH and mechanical loading. In turn periostin contributes to modeling based bone formation while restraining bone remodeling. Periostin is also a substrate of cathepsin K and inhibition of periostin blunts the effects of cathepsin K inhibition on bone. Considering the important role of osteocytes and their cathepsin K expression on osteolysis during lactation, we...

We have previously observed sex-specific effects of maternal calcium supplementation on offspring childhood growth, in a rural Gambian population with habitually low calcium intake (~300 mg daily).1,2 There was no effect on maternal blood pressure, the primary outcome of the original trial.3 In this study, we aim to investigate effects on offspring blood pressure (BP) in the same cohort. We recruited children (205 female, 182 male) born following a random...

We have previously reported sex-specific effects of prepubertal calcium supplementation on the timing of adolescent growth,1 as well as sex-specific effects of maternal calcium supplementation on offspring childhood growth,2,3 in a rural Gambian population with habitually low calcium intake (~300 mg daily). In this study, we aim to investigate longer-term effects of maternal calcium supplementation on adolescent growth in same cohort. We recruited childre...

Purpose: Multipotent stromal cells (MSC)-based regenerative strategy is promising for the repair of cartilage, which is an avascular tissue in which cells experience hypoxia. Hypoxia is known to promote the early chondrogenic differentiation of MSC. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine whether low oxygen tension could be used to enhance the regenerative potential of MSC for cartilage repair.Methods: MSC from rabbits or human adipose tissues (...

Objectives: Synovial fluid glutamate concentrations increase in various arthritides. Activation of kainate (KA) and AMPA glutamate receptors (GluRs) increase interleukin 6 (IL6) release and cause arthritic pain respectively. GluR antagonists represent potential peripheral treatments for inflammatory arthritis and inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesised that AMPA and KA GluRs are expressed in arthritic joint tissues and that peripheral ad...

Objective: The protein kinases, PKR, and PERK have been implicated in pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated cartilage degradation in vitro and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced arthritis respectively. The objective of this study was to establish whether loss of P58IPK, an inhibitor of PKR and PERK, results in a degenerative joint phenotype in vivo.Methods: Sections of knee joints from P58IPK-null and wild-type mice...

Background: Bone fragility and vascular calcifications are to the two main morbidities of the mineral and bone disorders associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting from a combination of abnormalities such as impaired GH axis, vitamin D deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, increased FGF23 levels, hypogonadism, denutrition and drug toxicity.Methods: In a single-centre ancillary study of the longitudinal prospective European 4C study (Cardiovascula...