Bone Abstracts

Background: Scoliosis is lateral curvature of the spine ≥10°, as measured on standing spinal radiographs. There are no published studies that have investigated determinants of scoliosis using a prospective cohort design, making the establishment of cause and effect difficult. Several large population-based cohorts exist throughout the world with a wide range of data already collected, and while spinal imaging with radiographs is not generally collected in these coho...

Background: Scoliosis is lateral curvature of the spine, and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) accounts for the majority of cases of scoliosis. One potential determinant of scoliosis that is of great interest is bone size and density. However, there are no published studies that have investigated determinants of scoliosis using a prospective cohort design making the establishment of cause and effect difficult.Methods: This study was based on the Avon...

Biographical DetailsDr John Herzenberg graduated from Boston University Medical School and trained at Duke University for Orthopaedics and Toronto Sick Kids for Pediatric Orthopaedics. He specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of adult and pediatric patients with congenital abnormalities, joint contractures, neuromuscular disorders, non-unions, malunions, deformity, and bone defects. ...

The incidence of hip fractures is declining in later cohorts of older people but, if the cohort effect is controlled for, the period effect shows a steady increase in incidence. This is almost certainly because we are seeing the survival of an increasingly frail group of older people with comorbidities. The great majority of hip fractures result from falls. There is strong research evidence that falls can be prevented. Proven strength and balance programmes reduce the rate of ...

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) comprises estrogen, with or without progestogen addition, given to postmenopausal women. HRT is by far the most effective treatment for the relief of menopausal symptoms such as vasomotor and genito-urinary symptoms. It is as effective as alternative treatments for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. It increases bone mass, reduces bone turnover, and reduces fracture risk at all the important skeletal sites. It has a beneficial effe...

External fixation has been the gold standard for patients who require bone lengthening. This method is accurate and reliable, but can result in significant scarring, superficial infection, and pain. Additionally, the daily care of pin sites, unsightly appearance of the device, and reduced function can be emotionally taxing for both the patient and caregivers. An internal device that lengthens through rotational movement was developed to address some of these issues (ISKD). Alt...

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β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) biomaterials have been approved for the repair of osseous defects. However, in large defects, the substitution of biomaterial by authentic bone is inadequate to provide sufficient long-term mechanical stability. We aimed to develop composites of β-TCP ceramics and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) to enhance the formation of osteoclasts thereby stimulating material resorption. RANKL was immobilized on &#9...

Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH) (1–84) is currently being developed as PTH replacement therapy for patients with hypoparathyroidism. Because rhPTH(1–84) is administered subcutaneously, we compared the pharmacokinetic profile of PTH(1–84) and the calcemic response following S.C. rhPTH(1–84) injection in thigh and abdomen.In this phase 1, open-label, three-way crossover study, healthy postmenopausal women received three ra...

Objective: Currently, majority of the osteoporotic patients are not diagnosed i) a new ultrasound based device (Bindex) has been recently introduced for osteoporosis (OP) screening and diagnostics at primary healthcare ii) Bindex measures cortical thickness and determines parameter called density index (DI). Thresholds for DI in OP assessment have been determined in Finnish-Caucasian (F-C) population (n=448) along the International Society of Clinical Densitometry (IS...