Bone Abstracts

Radiation therapy is one of the most effective and indispensable treatment modalities for cancer patients. Known tissue complications caused by radiation-induced stem cell depletion, may result in structural and functional alterations of the surrounding matrix. Although, studies have demonstrated that ionizing radiation can induce apoptosis and senescence, little is known about the effects of therapeutic irradiation concerning the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to the os...

Astronauts on exploratory space missions will experience a complex environment that includes microgravity and radiation. While the deleterious effects of unloading on bone are well established, fewer studies have focused on the effects of radiation. Space radiation produces distinct biological damages which, up to now, little is known about the correlation between radiation exposure and bone tissue. In our study we used osteoblastic precursor cells to investigate the radiation...

Background and Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease characterized by severe bone destruction which has been associated with altered lipid metabolism. Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) is a lipoprotein mainly produced by macrophages. ApoE has been described as crucial in lipid metabolism but also as an important anti-inflammatory mediator regulating innate immunity and bone turnover. In the present study we investigated the role of Apo E in bone destruction during ...

Introduction: Recent data suggest that imbalances in lipid metabolism affect bone cell function resulting in osteoporosis. Here, we investigated the role of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), essential component of chylomicron and very low density Lipoprotein metabolic pathways, in the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast function and thus in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.Material and methods: We used apoE deficient (ApoE−/−) and wild ...

Introduction: Recent data suggest that lipid metabolism imbalances affect bone cell function and therefore may result in the development of osteoporosis. We investigated the role of apolipoprotein-E (ApoE), a plasma protein playing cardinal role in lipoprotein metabolism, in the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast function and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.Material and methods: We used apoE deficient (ApoE−/−) and C57BL/6 (c...

Osteocytes make up >90% of bone cells, are embedded in mineralised matrix where they form a communication network. Osteocytes differentiate from osteoblasts, and are mechano-sensitive. They are very difficult to isolate with a dependence on cell lines for in vitro studies of osteocyte biology. Therefore new methods to study these cells are essential. Recent publications indicate that osteoblasts maintained in in vitro 3D collagen gels may differentiate to...

Objectives: To explore the benefits of a group circuit therapy programme for children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) who have been identified as having functional difficulties resulting from hypermobility, reduced muscle strength, poor cardiovascular (CV) fitness and lack of engagement in physical education.Methods: 16 families were contacted to ascertain interest and preference on frequency and location for a proposed therapy group. Subsequently ten ...

Background: 1α-hydroxylase is a mitochondrial P450 enzyme critical to the synthesis of active calcitriol from the pro-hormone 25(OH) D. Multiple different mutations in the CYP27B1 gene have been identified that abolish or reduce 1α-hydroxylase enzymatic activity resulting in vitamin D dependent rickets type 1. Children with 1α-hydroxylase deficiency present with a clinical picture of joint pain and deformity, hypotonia, muscle weakness, growth failure and someti...

see PP291....

In clinical research protocols, HR-pQCT images (XtremCT Scanco, voxel size: 82 (μm3) are carried out to evaluate trabecular and cortical bone changes induced by osteoporosis and treatments. Micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) has become a standard tool for examination of trabecular and cortical bone in 3D.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of cortical and trabecular measurements derived from HR-pQCT images with morpho...