Bone Abstracts

Background: Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) and osteoporosis (OP) are common and parallel ageing and frequently coexist in an ageing population. Low BMD appears related to increased risk of AD. Various clinical conditions have been shown to alter acetylcholine (Ach) signalling and affect bone. Ach receptor (AchR) subunits and Ach esterase (AchE) are expressed in bone. Presynaptic Botox inhibit Ach release and impair bone healing and decrease bone mineral content. Poliomyelitis ...

The objective of the study was to investigate whether the anti-resorptive and bone-forming dual effect of Strontium Ranelate (SrR) influences the healing of a non-critical sized femoral mid-shaft bone defect.Sixty 16-weeks-old female Wistar rats were randomized into four groups. Cylindrical defects with a diameter of 2 mm was drilled through the anterior cortex of both right and left femoral mid-shafts. Two groups were treated with SrR (900 mg/kg/day) mi...

Most studies using botulinum toxin A (BTX) to achieve skeletal unloading use a study period of 3–4 weeks. The aim was to prolong this study time and to investigate the influence on the bone microstructure including the relationship between the thickness of horizontal and vertical trabeculae. Fifty-seven 16-week-old female Wistar rats were randomized into six Groups: Base; Ctrl 4w; and BTX4 4w; Ctrl 8w; BTX4 8w; BTX4+2 8w. The BTX animals were injected with 4 IU at baselin...

Aims: To review changes in the advice regarding vitamin D deficiency in the UK and compare these with other national guidance.Methods: All Vitamin D guidance in the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health 2003 guide (Medicines for Children) and in the eight editions since the British National Formulary for Children (BNFc) was first published in 2005 was reviewed.Results: Dosage and indications of prevalence are shown in the T...

Discordance of T-score is frequently observed and affects to therapeutic strategy in osteoporosis. Z-score discordance in premenopausal women has not been reported yet. In addition, despite of important role of low bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women to predict osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal age, there are very few reports on the status of low BMD in healthy premenopausal women. To investigate the current status of idiopathic osteoporos...

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used as antiresorptive drugs. However, one of most potent BPs, zoledronic acid (ZA) can cause BP-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) with a poorly understood pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to find a clue for the development of BRONJ by evaluating the cytotoxic effects of ZA on osteoblasts and examining the action mechanism of ZA on osteoclast differentiation. Jaw bone osteoblasts (JB-OBs), long bone osteoblasts (LB-OBs), and b...

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used for treating osteoporosis and preventing osseous metastasis or hypercalcemia in cancers. However, osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients treated with BP after dentoalveolar surgery has been increasing, especially in those treated with strong BPs such as zoledronate (ZA). The pathobiology underlying the occurrence of osteonecrosis only in the jaw bone remains unclear. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of BPs on the in...

Objective: Bone is one of endocrine organ and osteocytes secretes FGF23, Sclerostin and DKK1. FGF23 inhibits renal phosphate reabsorption and suppresses 1-α hydroxylase activity. Calcitriol stimulates FGF23 synthesis in bone. We aimed to determine the effect of single bolus injection of vitamin D on serum FGF23, DKK1 and Sclerostin concentrations in vitamin D-deficient subjects.Design and methods: The study group was composed of placebo group with s...

Objectives: Intravenous bisphosphonates have been used in children for various primary and secondary bone fragility disorders for three decades but beyond osteogenesis imperfecta, there is very limited information published in relation to outcomes. We report the experience at the Royal Children’s Hospital (RCH), Melbourne using Zoledronic acid (ZA), describing outcomes based on the underlying condition for which treatment was given, with the aim of informing future protoc...

GH is an important anabolic hormone involved in the regulation of longitudinal bone growth. However, acromegaly patients have a higher prevalence of vertebral fractures despite normal bone mineral density (BMD), suggesting that GH overexpression has adverse effects on skeletal architecture and strength. We used giant bovine GH (bGH) transgenic mice to analyse the effects of high serum GH levels on BMD, architecture and mechanical strength. Five month-old hemizygous male bGH mi...