Bone Abstracts

Introduction: Fracture healing is impaired in aged and osteoporotic patients. Because bone formation is tightly regulated by the mechanical conditions in the fracture gap and because suitable mechanical stimuli improve fracture healing (Claes et al. 1998), we investigated whether low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV; Rubin et al. 2004) is able to improve delayed fracture healing induced by age and ovariectomy in mice.Sudy desig...

In sharp contrast to the great interest in morphology of the proximal femur in aged individuals, there is a paucity of studies in children. To date, a comprehensive quantitative analysis of trabecular micro-architecture in various biomechanically relevant subregions of the immature proximal femur has been lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize postnatal development of trabecular bone in various regions of the human proximal femur. The study sample was comprised of ...

Habitual physical activities of past populations are frequently reconstructed based on musculoskeletal markers (MSM) in human skeletal remains, i.e. particular morphological features of muscles attachment sites. However, the relationship between muscular activity and bone microstructure at the site of muscle attachments is unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing bone microstructural characteristics of the muscles attachments sites and correlating these features wi...

Introduction: QCT of the spine is typically restricted to the BMD analysis of the lumbar vertebrae. However, fractures frequently occur in the thoracolumbar region. Also the load distribution in the spine may depend on the intervertebral disc space (IDS), a good approximation of the intervertebral disc, which itself cannot be reliably assessed by X-ray based methods.Materials and methods: A QCT 3D acquisition and automated analysis technique (with option...

One growth factor that potentially plays a role in fracture healing is midkine (Mdk). Mdk is expressed in chondrocytes during bone repair (Ohta et al. 1999) and has been shown to influence bone mass and mechanotransduction (Neunaber et al. 2010, Liedert et al. 2011). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Mdk-deficiency on bone repair in a standardized mouse femur osteotomy model.Mdk-deficient and wildtype ...

Although the fracture risk reduction under bisphosphonate treatment in osteoporosis is clinically well established, it remains understudied why the efficacy of bisphosphonate therapy is higher for the prevention of vertebral fractures compared to other fractures.Our aim was to investigate whether anti-resorptive therapy with alendronate would result in different regional variations of structural indices in the vertebral body. We investigated the microstr...

Introduction: Aging, diabetes and other disease conditions are associated with the accumulation of non-enzymatic collagen cross-links (NE-XL) in human tissues. Non-enzymatic cross-links (i.e. advanced glycation end products (AGEs)), occur at the bone collagen level, where they are associated with individuals increased fracture risk caused by bone’s reduced plasticity.Methods: Here, non-destructive Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was u...

Chronic calcium- and vitamin-D-deficiencies are crucial risk factors for osteoporosis. However, their significance for fracture healing is still poorly investigated, despite the clinical evidence that osteoporotic bone healing is disturbed. This study addressed the important question, whether chronic deprivation of calcium and vitamin D compromises bone repair and if this could be rescued by a supplementation post-trauma. Because clinical hints suggest that a fracture induces ...

Despite widely accepted classical mechanical theory of buttresses as a load bearing areas in the midfacial skeleton, the data related to its microstructural adaptation on functional demands are scarce. In this study we investigated microstructural features of the different regions in the facial bones in relation to the occlusal load dissipation using a combination of finite element analysis (FEA) and micro-CT analysis (μCT). The FEA was performed on the model of the dry h...

see PP173....