Bone Abstracts

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Extreme high bone mass (HBM) may be monogenic (e.g. due to mutations in SOST or LRP5) or polygenic, due to variants in the same genes determining bone mineral density (BMD) as found in the general population. We aimed to determine the genetic cause underlying HBM in an extreme HBM population.258 unexplained HBM cases (defined as L1 Z-score ≥+3.2 plus total hip Z-score ≥+1.2, or total hip Z-score ≥+3.2 and L1 <...

Objective: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with lower bone mass in children. Physical activity and nutrition influence bone pathophysiology, and differences in these lifestyle factors are observed between children with vs. without ASD; however, whether these factors contribute to bone differences is unknown. We examined if: 1) differences existed in bone mineral density (BMD), content (BMC), or bone geometry in boys with vs without ASD and 2) whether physical acti...

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Study aim: Vertebral strength is determined by bone size, shape, bone mineral density, microarchitecture, and bone material properties. Despite its importance to vertebral mechanics, no studies have reported on the variation of bone microdamage present in the human vertebra. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess regional changes in trabecular bone microdamage in association with bone microarchitecture and resorption in whole human lumbar vertebrae.Me...

Study aim: The general assumption that changes in bone microstructure and material properties at the iliac crest are representative of skeletal sites that are susceptible to osteoporotic fracture has not yet been addressed. Therefore, our study aim was to perform a comparative analysis of bone microarchitecture, accumulated microdamage and osteocyte morphology between the iliac crest, proximal femur and vertebral body.Methods: Trabecular bone cores were ...

Introduction: Activated protein C (APC) plays an important role in the cutaneous healing of chronic wounds arising from orthopaedic surgery and has cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties which may also assist bone repair. The aim of this study was to examine whether APC could directly influence osteoblasts and increase bone formation in a rodent model.Methods: Proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells was quantified by MTT assay and direct co...

Osteocytes make up >90% of bone cells, are embedded in mineralised matrix where they form a communication network. Osteocytes differentiate from osteoblasts, and are mechano-sensitive. They are very difficult to isolate with a dependence on cell lines for in vitro studies of osteocyte biology. Therefore new methods to study these cells are essential. Recent publications indicate that osteoblasts maintained in in vitro 3D collagen gels may differentiate to...

Introduction: Using transgenic mice ectopically expressing Hoxa2 all along chondrogenesis, we previously associated the resulting animal phenotype to human idiopathic proportionate short stature. Our analysis showed that this overall size reduction was due to a negative influence of Hoxa2 in the very first step of endochondral ossification. As the molecular pathways underlying this pathogenesis are still unknown, we here tried to identify the impact of Hoxa2 overexpression on ...

Background: Relationships between muscle function and bone have been examined using a range of techniques, with conflicting results. We aimed to determine these associations within an adult population comprising individuals with high bone mass and family controls.Methods: Recruitment was from four UK sites within the high bone mass (HBM) study; cases and unaffected family controls were pooled. Peak ground reaction force and peak power, during a multiple ...