Bone Abstracts

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) which has been reported to be an important prognostic factor for curve progression. In addition to BMD, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) allows measurement of volumetric BMD, bone morphology, trabecular micro-architecture, and evaluation with structure model index (SMI) and finite element analysis (FEA) for mechanical property assessment. The aim of this...

Objectives: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional spinal deformity associated with low bone mass. Our previous clinical trial demonstrated the anabolic bone effect of vibration treatment (VT) at the femoral neck in AIS subjects. The therapeutic effect was more pronounced in those with optimal serum 25(OH) Vit-D level (>40 nmol/l). To investigate possible factor interaction between Vit-D and VT on their anabolic bone effects, this in-vitro...

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate detailed bone profiles during puberty for Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).Methods: 333 healthy girls and 231 healthy boys (12–16-years-old) were recruited from secondary schools. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) of bilateral femoral necks were measured by DXA while bone quality parameters w...

Background: Previous studies with small number of boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) suggest that growth failure occurs in glucocorticoid naïve (GC) boys.Objective: To evaluate height and longitudinal growth in boys with DMD prior to GC.Method: Retrospective evaluation in boys with DMD with height measurements obtained for clinical purposes. Out of the 91 boys currently managed in Scotland, 51 had at least one height ...

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Background: Observations in rodents suggest that osteocalcin (OC) participates in glucose metabolism. Data from human studies are inconclusive and it remains unclear whether OC is simply a marker of bone turnover (BTM) or if it also mediates interactions between the skeleton and glucose homeostasis. This study determined the responses of BTMs, including OC, to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in obese and normal-weight subjects.Materials and methods: P...

Denosumab (DMAb) significantly improves bone strength at the hip, estimated by FEA from QCT scans, from baseline (B/L) and vs placebo (Pbo) (Keaveny ASBMR 2010). We determined the extent and distribution of mass and thickness changes at the proximal femur, a key skeletal site for fracture risk, using a novel cortical bone mapping technique on the same serial QCT scans. A FREEDOM substudy included 80 women who underwent hip QCT scanning at B/L and months 12, 24 and 36 during DM...

Participation in high impact sports during growth increases bone quality. Gymnasts have previously displayed increased bone mass and strength at both the upper and lower limbs compared with controls. However, it is not yet understood how bone microarchitecture is affected by gymnastics participation, and if this differs based on gymnastics discipline. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of gymnastics discipline on bone microarchitecture in a...

Objectives: To assess the vitamin D nutrition status of healthy children in the age group 2–5 years and to assess the daily dietary calcium intake of these children.Methods: A total of 100 healthy children (age group 2–5 years) were studied in this cross sectional study. Dietary calcium and energy intake was estimated using 24 h dietary recall method. Average sun exposure over last 3 days was assessed by calculating u.v. score. Biochemical para...

Fractures are very common and affect 2% of the population per annum. Fragility fractures represent the greatest unmet need and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no approved therapy for enhancing healing of fragility fractures. We previously reported that upregulation of the early inflammatory response following skeletal injury can promote fracture repair (Glass et al PNAS 2011). Inflammation represents the earliest response followin...