Bone Abstracts

Introduction: Osteoblast lineage cells express glutamate receptors and secrete glutamate, which acts as an autocrine factor to promote cellular differentiation and activation. However, the mechanisms by which glutamate regulates these functions, remain unclear.Methods: Primary osteoblasts were isolated from calvaria of 2–3 days old mice. The cells were treated with inhibitors of glutamate transporters, namely the Scl1a1 and Scl1a3 inhibitor L...

β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) biomaterials have been approved for the repair of osseous defects. However, in large defects, the substitution of biomaterial by authentic bone is inadequate to provide sufficient long-term mechanical stability. We aimed to develop composites of β-TCP ceramics and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) to enhance the formation of osteoclasts thereby stimulating material resorption. RANKL was immobilized on &#9...

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Bisphosphonates (BPs) including alendronate (ALN) are the most widely prescribed therapy for post-menopausal osteoporosis. Despite their overall excellent safety record and efficacy in reducing fractures, concerns have been expressed lately regarding potential detrimental effects due to prolonged bone turnover reduction, although no definite cause–effect relationship has been established to date. The purpose of the present study was to determine bone material quality by R...

Background: The clinical presentation and the clinical phenotypic characterization and the natural history of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) is diverse and the natural history of the disease is to certain extent different from one patient to another.Methods: In a series of eleven patients age range from 0 to 16 years (eight girls and three boys), variable clinical presentations were the landmark of these patients. At birth, all our patients ...

Objectives: Mice with a non-functioning vitamin D receptor (VDR mutants) develop severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, which can be rescued by a diet enriched with calcium, phosphate and lactose. In this work, we studied the effects of a low calcium challenge (CD), normal calcium (ND) and a calcium enriched rescue diet (RD) on the bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD) and osteocyte lacunae sections (OLS) in these mice.Methods: BMDD and OLS were...

Abnormal tissue levels of certain trace elements such as Zinc (Zn) were reported in various types of cancer. Little is known about the role of Zn in osteosarcoma.Using confocal synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence analysis, we characterized the spatial distribution of Zn in high-grade (G3) sclerosing osteosarcoma of nine patients (4 f/5 m; 7 knee/1 humerus/1 femur) following chemotherapy and wide surgical resection. The study was done in accord...

Contemporary elemental imaging techniques are greatly contributing into the bone research. Synchrotron radiation induced confocal micro x-ray fluorescence technique (SR-μXRF) was employed for the analysis, being the most powerful and sufficient tool in detection and characterization of trace element distributions in bone tissue. Manganese (Mn), as a potential contributor into the mechanisms of calcium incorporation into bone tissue is in the spotlight of research. Further...