Bone Abstracts

Pathophysiological calcification in the vasculature favours cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. In patients with chronic kidney disease vitamin K metabolites are associated with decreased vascular calcification.We investigated the expression of vitamin K dependent proteins (VKDPs) in vessels and bone to identify differences in expression pattern during atherosclerosis (AS) stages and compare the two tissue profiles.Gene expressio...

Increasing interest is focusing on the role of the FGF-23/Klotho axis in mediating vascular calcification. However, the underpinning mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. Murine VSMCs were cultured in calcifying medium for a 21-day period. FGF-23 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated by 7 days (1.63-fold; P<0.001), with a concomitant increase in protein expression. mRNA and protein expression of both FGFR1 and Klotho were confirmed. Increased FGF-23...

Objectives: To compare and contrast the natural history of osteoporosis and response to zoledronate in children and adolescents with Duchene muscular dystrophy (DMD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) or other congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD).Methods: A retrospective medical record review of fracture history, treatment and bone mineral densitometry of children managed at a tertiary centre in Sydney over the last 6 years.Results: A...

Objective: The potential for clinical trials to impact patient care may be limited if the outcomes reported vary by trial and lack direct relevance to patients. We aimed to systematically assess the scope and consistency of outcomes reported in randomised trials of interventions for children with osteogenesis imperfecta.Methods: We systematically searched for all published and unpublished randomised trials of interventions for children with osteogenesis ...

Background: Denosumab (DMAB) is used in adults for the treatment of osteoporosis, giant cell tumour of bone, and cancer metastases. There are little data on paediatric use with clinical decision making reliant on adult data and clinical experience.Presenting problem: We have treated 33 children with DMAB: Perthes disease (n=9), avascular necrosis (n=17), osteoporosis (n=1), aneurysmal bone cyst (n=4) and giant cell tum...

Background: Atypical femur fractures (AFF) arise in the subtrochanteric and diaphyseal regions. Because of this unique distribution, we hypothesized that patients with AFF demonstrate specific geometrical variations of their femur whereby baseline tensile forces applied to the lateral cortex are higher and might favor the appearance of these rare stress fractures, when exposed to bisphosphonates.Methods: Subjects who sustained AFF, as defined by the ASBM...

Acrylamide is a byproduct that forms when certain carbohydrate and aminoacid rich foods are fried, baked, or roasted at high temperatures (>120°C). Our earlier study showed that acrylamide altered the morphology and histology of the small intestinal wall damaging the intestinal barrier and reducing absorption surface. The study was performed to determine whether acrylamide influences gut-bone axis in foetus when administered to guinea pig during the last 35 days of pr...

Objectives: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by osteoporosis, predisposition to fracture, and scoliosis. Recently, however, there has been increased focus on pulmonary insufficiency, as it is the leading cause of mortality in individuals with OI. The primary objective of this study is to determine if reduced pulmonary function in individuals with OI is intrinsic to the underlying connective tissue disorder. Another goal of this st...

Considering limited information available on skeletal system properties in foxes, the aim of this study was to determine morphological, geometrical and densitometric parameters of femur obtained from males and females. The study was performed on 1-year old male (n=5) and female (n=6) silver foxes. Right femur was isolated and its weight and length were measured. Using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) technique and Somatom Emotion Siemens apparatus, bone...

Calcification in the vasculature is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases and mortality outcomes. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate changes in the gene expression of calcification regulators (CR) in arterial vessels during different stages of atherosclerosis and to document potential corresponding changes in the bone. OPG, RANKL, OPN, MGP, BSP-II and RUNX2 were candidate genes for our study in bone, aorta and arteria ilica externa tissue samples...