Bone Abstracts

To assess the associations among diseases causing disability requiring support, including i) musculoskeletal diseases (knee osteoarthritis (KOA), lumbar spondylosis (LS), and osteoporosis (OP)); ii) metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, including overweight (OW), hypertension (HT), dyslipidaemia (DL), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); and iii) mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Among 1690 participants (596 men and 1094 women) at the baseli...

Using ovariectomized rats as an animal model of postmenopausal women, we examined the causal relationship between fluoride (F) exposure and the high risk of development of osteoporosis. In order to obtain the estrogen (Es) deficient animals, 5-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats, which were overiectomized at 3- and the 5-week-old female rats without ovariectomy were purchased. The overiectomized rats were divided into two groups: the Es deficient, and the combination of Es defic...

We and others have recently showed that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk for fracture, although they have normal or slightly higher bone mineral density (BMD). These findings suggest that bone fragility in T2DM, which is not defined by BMD, may contribute to fracture risk. Hyperglycemia accelerates the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and causes diabetic complications. AGEs including pentosidine are also known to cause bone fr...

Objective: It is well known that monocytes differentiate into osteoclasts. However, we found that human dendritic cells (DCs) also differentiate to osteoclast-like cells and assessed the role of dendritic cell-derived osteoclast (DC-OC) in pathological processes of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: DC-OCs were differentiated from human monocyte-derived DCs in vitro. The function of DC-OCs was compared to human mono...

Objective: Both inflammation and vascular calcification have been known as independent risk factors of cardiovascular events. However, the induction mechanism of vascular calcification by inflammation is still unclear. We here assessed the molecular effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification.Methods: VSMCs from human aorta cultured in osteoblast induction medium (OIM) and stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytok...

Background: Metaphyseal chondrodysplasias with cone-shaped epiphyses and cup-shaped metaphyses are very rare. We present a case with this particular skeletal phenotype, along with its differentials.Presenting Problem: Our female patient, aged 3.8 years, was the 2nd child of healthy, unrelated Greek parents, who were worried about her bilateral knee stiffness, which resulted in a limp and also in walking with her knees bent. At presentation, she was noted...

Objectives: To evaluate the skeletal profile of paediatric patients with cancer at diagnosis.Methods: Children diagnosed with cancer in our Oncology Centre were recruited during a fifteen-month period and underwent metabolic bone profile and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the time of diagnosis. Subsequently, they were divided in two subgroups, according to diagnosis; haematological malignancy vs solid tumour. For comparison, a group of 38 sex ...