Bone Abstracts

Background: Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic disease of bone and constitutes one of the most important major public health problems not only in women but also in men. This cross-sectional study examined the association of lifestyle and nutritional factors with bone mineral density (BMD) in 88 Korean middle-aged men.Methods: Physical measurement, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, physical activity and nutritional analysis were assessed from an...

Growing body of evidence shows that microRNAs play an important role in regulating bone mass. We investigated the cooperative microRNA-mRNA regulatory mechanism of peak bone mass in inbred strain of mice with different bone density using microarray analysis. Femur and tibia of 12-week old C3H/He (high bone density) and C57BL/6 (low bone density) were harvested to extract total bone RNAs for microarray. A total of 30 miRNAs were differentially expressed between bone tissue of C...

Background and objectives: The association between excess calcium intake and cardiovascular mortality has been reported, but the association has not yet been explored according to serum vitamin D status. Thus, we investigated the relation of dietary calcium intake and Framingham risk score (FRS) according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status.Methods: A total of 7809 subjects (3452 males and 4357 female) aged over 40 years from the data of the Ko...

Background: Many studies have demonstrated that waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) correlates with risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) better, than the body mass index (BMI). Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is an independent risk factor of atherosclerotic heart disease. However, the association between WHtR and coronary artery calcification scores (CACS) still need to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between WHtR and CACS in ...

Background and aims: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as currently utilised has limitations in identifying patients with osteoporosis and predicting fractures, since most low-trauma fracture (LTF) patients have osteopenia not osteoporosis based on DXA assessment. We aimed to express peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) variables of patients with low-trauma fracture as T-scores by using T-score scales obtained from healthy young women, and ...

Osteoblasts produce protein-crosslinking enzymes, transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and factor XIIIA (FXIIIA), which regulate fibronectin matrix stabilization and osteoblast differentiation in vitro. To examine if they are important in bone remodeling and in maintenance of bone quality and mass in vivo, we performed skeletal phenotyping of Tgm2−/− and F13a1−/− mice and generated a double-null Tgm2</em...

Introduction: Estrogen therapy decreases circulating levels of sclerostin, a protein product of SOST which increase in postmenopausal women. However, the mechanisms of estrogen on the expression of SOST remain unclear. This study was hypothesized that estrogen modulates SOST expression by interfering bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling on the basis that BMP is an inducer of SOST in osteoblasts.Description of methods: We investigated the expression o...

Background: Autocrine and paracrine Wnt signaling operates in stem cell populations and regulates mesenchymal lineage specification. In Wnt producing cells, Wntless (GPR177) supports the transport of Wnt from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the cell surface in vesicles, from which Wnt is then released. The retromer complex (VPS35) interacts with Wntless and retrieves Wntless from endosomes back to TGN, thereby maintaining the normal levels of Wntless protein. V-ATPases-driven...

Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between Sclerostin (SOST) and estrogen, showing an inverse relation in clinical data. Therefore, we investigated mechanisms by which estrogen modulates Sost expression at human osteoblastic cell level in association with BMP-2 signaling, which is a potential route of SOST induction. BMP-2 significantly induced SOST expression, which is suppressed by 17β-estradiol (E2) in human mesenchymal s...

Background: The activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes cellular senescence and induces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in intervertebral disc (IVD). However, little is known about the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and MMPs expression in degenerated human IVDs.Materials and methods: Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) were separated from the degenerated disc nucleus tissue by performing sequentia...