Bone Abstracts

Background: Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) experience musculoskeletal complications including spinal deformities, hip dysplasia and disuse osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates can improve bone mineral density, prevent fragility fractures. It is unclear if prior bisphosphonate use modifies post-operative complication in children with CP. Our aim was to compare surgical complications in children with CP with and without previous bisphosphonate treatment.<p class=...

Objectives: Clinicians practicing in long-term care (LTC) face unique challenges caring for frail elderly individuals including multiple co-morbidities, polypharmacy, and end of life care, and practice guidelines typically do not address this population. Guidance regarding the management of osteoporosis and fracture prevention in LTC, a high-risk population, is needed.Materials and methods: A survey of LTC physicians informed key questions and outcomes, ...

Introduction: Standard clinical treatments for postmenopausal osteoporosis utilize resorption-inhibiting drugs such as bisphosphonates, which selectively bind to bone mineral but also suppress bone formation over time. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has bone-anabolic effects in vivo, but its clinical utility is hindered by side effects upon systemic administration. Since PGE2 acts on bone via the EP4 receptor, our approach utilizes a specific...

Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets in the human genome (Nat Rev Drug Discov 2 38–51, 2003). We present data for 3776 distinct gene knockout (KO) mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using both gene-trapping and homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from PIXImus DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from ...

Cadmium (Cd) is regarded as a risk factor for various bone diseases in humans and experimental animals. To compare effects of different routes of Cd administration on femoral bone structure, ten 4-month-old male Wistar rats (group A) were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 2 mg CdCl2/kg body weight and killed 36 h after Cd had been injected. Ten 1-month-old male rats (group B) were dosed with a daily Cd intake of 30 mg CdCl2/l in drinking wa...

Objectives: Examine changes in volumetric BMD and cortical structure following Crohn Disease (CD) diagnosis, and identify associations with growth, glucocorticoid exposure and disease activity.Methods: Prospective cohort study in 76 CD participants, ages 5–21 years. Tibia pQCT scans were obtained at diagnosis, 6, 12 and a median of 42 months later. Sex, race and age-specific Z-scores were generated based on >650 controls. Cortical dimen...

Background: Hyperphosphatemic Familial Tumoral Calcinosis (HFTC) and Hyperphosphatemic Hyperostosis Syndrome (HHS) are two phenotypes of a disease associated with autosomal recessive mutations in FGF23, GALNT3 and KL, leading to reduced levels and clinical effects of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). We describe a consanguineous family with two affected individuals with HFTC and HHS caused by a novel homozygous mutation in GALNT3. We also...

Menopause is accompanied by a decrease in bone mineral density which can be caused by a reduction in bone volume and/or degree of bone matrix mineralization. Both of them are suggested to contribute to the increased fracture risk in postmenopausal individuals. In the present work, we aimed for information whether a drop in bone matrix mineralization is occurring in the perimenopausal stage of women. For this purpose, we measured the bone mineralization density distribution (BM...

Introduction: Prostaglandin E2 has bone-anabolic effects through EP4 receptor but its clinical utility is hindered by gastrointestinal side effects. To avoid these side effects, EP4 agonists (EP4a) were covalently linked to the bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN) to create two ALN-EP4a conjugate drugs, C1 and C2. When administered systemically, C1 and C2 will be target delivered to bone through ALN, where local hydrolytic enzymes liberate EP4a from ALN to exert bone an...

Background: Breast cancer clinical trials have shown an enhanced anti-tumour activity of bone-targeted agents in postmenopausal patients. We have reported that zoledronic acid (ZOL) decreases serum levels of the tumour promoter follistatin in postmenopausal women and also inhibits expression of follistatin by breast tumour cells both in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesised that inhibin-A (InA) and ZOL may be altering bone levels of follistatin and its bound tum...