Bone Abstracts

Alterations in fetal nutrition result in developmental adaptations that permanently alter the structure, physiology and metabolism of the offspring. β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is the bioactive metabolite of leucine responsible for inhibiting proteolysis and for modulating protein turnover in vitro and in vivo.The aim of the study was to determine the effect of maternal administration with HMB on mineralization, geometry ...

Zinc (Zn) has a number of key roles relating to cell signalling, cell activation, gene expression, protein synthesis, apoptosis and is crucial for the development of immune cells. Damage to the linings of the gastrointestinal tract is observed during Zn deficiency. Since a few years it has been suggested the existence of the novel interrelationship between bone and gut:gut–bone axis.The aim was to establish changes of morphological, geometric and me...

Glucocorticoids are the most commonly used drugs in medical therapy, released in stress and necessary for normal development in both humans and animals.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prenatally administered dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, on the histomorphometry of the femur in the offsprings of spiny mice, as a precocial species, characterized by high fertility, and the rapid development of the fetal, allowing th...

Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, next to water. The popularity of tea is determined by healthy properties connected with the presence of antioxidants, hence tea can be classified as functional food. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are toxic metals commonly occurring in the human environment with exposure ~5 and 35 mg/kg Bw per week respectively.Thirty growing male Wistar rats (12 weeks old, 326.4±31.0 g) were used. Rat were fed ...

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Osteoblastic MMPs are important actors of bone remodeling. We showed previously that osteoblast specific overexpression of TIMP1, an inhibitor of MMPs, prevents the bone loss induced by ovariectomy mainly through inhibition of bone resorption. We hypothesized that inhibition of the MMP3 could be implicated in the protective effect of TIMP1 and that MMP3 polymorphisms located in the proximal promoter of MMP3 gene could be associated to post-menopausal bone loss in women.<p ...

Bone cells control initial steps of mineralization by forming matrix vesicles (MVs) in which calcium and phosphate ions are accumulated. Under physiological conditions, MVs are released to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and Ca2+ and Pi form hydroxyapatite (HA). Growing minerals break the MVs membrane and are deposited in ECM. Under pathological conditions the mineralization process becomes deregulated, which leads to the formation of calcium phosphate deposits. It is suggested...

Bone mineralization is initiated by matrix vesicles (MVs), cell-derived structures released into the extracellular matrix which are nucleation sites for hydroxyapatite (HA) formation. It is suggested that annexins are mineralization-stimulating membrane proteins that exhibit ion channel activity and facilitate the influx of Ca2+ into MVs. The process is also regulated via enzymatic degradation of inhibitory pyrophosphate by tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (T...

Contemporary elemental imaging techniques are greatly contributing into the bone research. Synchrotron radiation induced confocal micro x-ray fluorescence technique (SR-μXRF) was employed for the analysis, being the most powerful and sufficient tool in detection and characterization of trace element distributions in bone tissue. Manganese (Mn), as a potential contributor into the mechanisms of calcium incorporation into bone tissue is in the spotlight of research. Further...

In postmenopausal women, estrogen deficiency not only interferes with the metabolism of the bone tissue, but also adversely affects the cardiovascular system and can cause hypertension. Doxazosin is often used in the treatment of resistant hypertension, especially in patients with renal failure and hyperlipidemia. Vasodilator effect of doxazosin is associated with selective blocking of α1 receptors in the smooth muscle cells of resistance arterioles. The results of epidem...