Bone Abstracts

Participation in high impact sports during growth increases bone quality. Gymnasts have previously displayed increased bone mass and strength at both the upper and lower limbs compared with controls. However, it is not yet understood how bone microarchitecture is affected by gymnastics participation, and if this differs based on gymnastics discipline. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of gymnastics discipline on bone microarchitecture in a...

Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Circulating 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is metabolised into its biologically active form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-d(OH)D] by the actions of 1α hydroxylase, and into inactive 2metabolite 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25-d(OH)D] by 24-hydroxylase. Recent studies suggest the production of 1,25-d(OH)D) from 25(OH)D is 24,25-d(OH)D dependent. Genetic mutations of CYP24A1 gene resulting in...

Although the optimal requirement of vitamin D for skeletal health in the general community remains uncertain, vitamin D deficiency impairs bone mineralisation, increases bone turnover, accelerates bone loss and increases fracture risk. Seasonal variation in the hip fracture incidenc, reported in several studies, supports a role for vitamin D deficiency in the epidemiology of hip fracture. We hypothesised that if the association is causal, then the amplitude of the seasonal var...

Objectives: Nutritional rickets results from the interaction of poor vitamin D status and limited calcium intake. Vitamin D requirements are greater in children with limited intake of calcium. We sought to determine the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration that can prevent rickets in calcium-deprived Nigerian children.Methods: We reanalyzed data from a case-control study of Nigerian children with active rickets (cases) and age-, sex-, and we...

Biographical DetailsDr John Herzenberg graduated from Boston University Medical School and trained at Duke University for Orthopaedics and Toronto Sick Kids for Pediatric Orthopaedics. He specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of adult and pediatric patients with congenital abnormalities, joint contractures, neuromuscular disorders, non-unions, malunions, deformity, and bone defects. ...

Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a major regulator of phosphate metabolism often elevated in genetic hypophosphataemic disorders and in chronic kidney disease–bone mineral disorder (CKD–BMD). Recent studies have identified relationships between FGF23 and vitamin D.Objectives: To determine the relationship between vitamin D and FGF23 metabolism in CKD.Method: We used randomized samples from patient...

Objectives: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes related to vitamin D metabolism have been associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status, but these relationships have not been examined in pregnancy or following antenatal vitamin D supplementation. We assessed whether SNPs in DHCR7 (7-dehydrocholesterol reductase), CYP2R1 (25-hydroxylase), CYP24A1 (24-hydroxylase) and GC (Vitamin D binding protein) were associated with the re...

Epilepsy is a relatively common condition of childhood, with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) the mainstay of medical therapy. AED use in adults has been shown to be associated with impaired bone density and increased risk of bone fracture. Paediatric data are more limited particularly in relation to fracture risk and skeletal geometry.This study aimed to examine the within-pair differences in fracture prevalence and bone, muscle and balance parameters in sex...

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Supported by Alexion & IDS)-->Low vitamin D serum levels have been associated with a considerable number of diseases and conditions and have attracted significant attention of the scientific community as well as of health authorities all over the world. However, discussions and controversies are ongoing about the reliability, significance and correct ranges of low vitamin D serum levels. A central goa...