Bone Abstracts

Epidemiological studies have found that patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) have a higher incidence of fragility fractures relative to non-diabetic individuals. Given the substantial morbidity, mortality and costs that emanate from T2D-related fractures, proper recognition of T2D individuals at increased fracture risk is indispensable. Although fracture risk in type 2 diabetics is routinely assessed with WHO-FRAX scores or DXA these methods show limitations. This high...

Standard DXA measurements, including FRAX scores, are limited in assessing fracture risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Novel, general applicable biomarkers are therefore needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are secreted into the circulation from cells of various tissues proportional to local disease severity. Serum miRNA classifiers including miR-550a-5p were recently found to discriminate T2D women without and with prevalent fragility fractures with high specificity and sensitivity (AUC&#6...

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Fractures of the hip are serious complications associated with osteoporosis. In previous work we found evidence of osteoblast dysfunction in middle aged men with idiopathic osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate gene expression and bone microarchitecture in bone samples derived from elderly men with osteoporotic hip fractures. Femoral heads and adjacent bone tissue from 12 men with low-trauma hip fractures (mean age 82±7 years) and consecutive surgical hip...

Although it is well established, that quality of life improves in patients after lung transplantation (LTx), severe musculoskeletal complications may develop. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in the muscle markers Myostatin and Follistatin and the bone markers Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), Sclerostin (SOST) and Periostin between LuTx recipients and healthy controls. From 38 LTx patients blood samples were taken when discharged from hospital (LTx1) and 6-9 months after di...

Introduction: Osteopenia is a well-known complication of anorexia nervosa (AN) in older adolescents and adults, especially in those with a long duration of the disease and a severe underweight.Aim: We investigated whether young premenarchal girls with AN have similar risk factors for a disturbed bone growth and mineralization.Methods: Twenty-four female premenarchal AN patients as well as 24 age and height matched female controls u...

Introduction: Cathepsin K is necessary for bone matrix resorption. Excessive resorption associated with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis can be reduced by cathepsin K inhibition. MIV-711, a highly selective cathepsin K inhibitor, successfully attenuates both bone resorption and cartilage degradation in non-clinical studies.Aim: To determine safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MIV-711 during multiple oral dosing to postmenopausal...

Caffeine, a methylxanthine present in coffee, tea, coca-cola and other beverages, is considered to be responsible for an increased risk of osteoporosis in coffee drinkers, however the data from human and experimental studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of caffeine on the skeletal system of rats with normal and decreased estrogen level (developing osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency).Caffei...

Results of epidemiological studies indicate that paracetamol use may be a risk factor for fracture. The exact mechanism of paracetamol action remains unclear, but it is known to inhibit COX-2. Orchidectomy-induced androgen deficiency was reported to increase COX-2 expression and prostanoid release in rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of paracetamol on bone mechanical properties in rats with normal androgen levels and with androgen deficiency indu...

In postmenopausal women, estrogen deficiency not only interferes with the metabolism of the bone tissue, but also adversely affects the cardiovascular system and can cause hypertension. Doxazosin is often used in the treatment of resistant hypertension, especially in patients with renal failure and hyperlipidemia. Vasodilator effect of doxazosin is associated with selective blocking of α1 receptors in the smooth muscle cells of resistance arterioles. The results of epidem...