Bone Abstracts

Objective: There is no published data to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of a single bolus dose vitamin D in breastfed infants of vitamin D deficient mothers. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of this alternative approach in newborn infants <4 months of age.Method: This single centre study was conducted from Aug 2013 to May 2014. Of 307 pregnant women diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency (25OHD<50 nmol/l) 70 were recruited. Their newborn in...

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The endocannabinoid system has important effects on bone mass and bone turnover. Mice with targeted inactivation of type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2) cannabinoid receptors develop osteoporosis with increasing age raising the possibility that cannabinoid receptor agonists might protect against age-related bone loss. Since cannabis is the most widely used illegal drug and its main psychotropic component -Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)- is an agonist at CB1 and CB2 receptors, we ...

Objectives: To define the role of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) in human osteochondromas. The expression of bone morphogenetic proteins and their corresponding receptors has not been clarified in osteochondromas. We determined immunohistochemically the localization and distribution of bone morphogenetic proteins 2, 4, 6 and 7, bone morphogenetic protein receptor types 1A, 1B and 2 and the functional effectors phosphorylated Smad proteins 1, 5 and 8 in the cartilaginous cap...

Objectives: Intravenous bisphosphonates have been used in children for various primary and secondary bone fragility disorders for three decades but beyond osteogenesis imperfecta, there is very limited information published in relation to outcomes. We report the experience at the Royal Children’s Hospital (RCH), Melbourne using Zoledronic acid (ZA), describing outcomes based on the underlying condition for which treatment was given, with the aim of informing future protoc...

Objectives: The primary objective of this project was to determine the nature and timing of perceived early adverse effects associated with bisphosphonate therapy. Additional information was sought on how this affected the child and family, to determine if changes should be made to local guidelines.Methods: A Smartphone-based text message survey was sent to parents of patients receiving intravenous bisphosphonate therapy for primary and secondary osteopo...

Introduction: Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) can inhibit the differentiation and function of osteoclasts derived from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a dose-dependent manner. MUTZ-3 cells are a potentially useful human cell line for studying osteoclast differentiation. The aim of this study was to elucidate the action of N-BPs on MUTZ-3 cells.Methods: Human PBMCs and MUTZ-3 cells were cultured in α-MEM supplemented with he...

Fractures are very common and affect 2% of the population per annum. Fragility fractures represent the greatest unmet need and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no approved therapy for enhancing healing of fragility fractures. We previously reported that upregulation of the early inflammatory response following skeletal injury can promote fracture repair (Glass et al PNAS 2011). Inflammation represents the earliest response followin...

Background: Allopurinol reduces oxidative stress and interacts with purinergic signalling systems important in bone metabolism and muscle function. We assessed whether allopurinol use was associated with a reduced incidence of hip fracture in older people who had undergone rehabilitation.Methods: Analysis of prospective, routinely-collected rehabilitation and hospitalisation data. Data on patients discharged from a single inpatient geriatric rehabilitati...

Ageing is universally linked to skeletal deterioration. Common mechanisms may control both processes, where dysregulation may predispose to bone loss and osteoarthritis (OA). The epigenetic modifier SirT1 controls lifespan and decreases with age. However, the role of SirT1 in joint disease is unclear. Human tissue samples, novel genetically modified mice, a surgical disease model and advanced cellular and molecular studies were employed to explore the hypothesis that SirT1 is ...