ICCBH2017 Oral Communications (1) (26 abstracts)
Body composition and associated biomarkers as determinants of bone mineral density in children 6–8 years of age – The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study
Sonja Soininen 1, , Virpi Sidoroff 3 , Virpi Lindi 1 , Anitta Mahonen 1 , Liisa Kröger 4 , Heikki Kröger 5, , Jarmo Jääskeläinen 4 , Mustafa Atalay 1 , David Laaksonen 1, , Tomi Laitinen 8 & Timo A. Lakka 1,
1University of Eastern Finland, School of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland; 2Social and Health Center, City of Varkaus, Varkaus, Finland; 3Department of Pediatrics, North-Karelia Central Hospital, Joensuu, Finland; 4Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; 5Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; 6Kuopio Musculoskeletal Research Unit (KMRU), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; 7Department of Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; 8Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Background and objectives: Lean mass (LM) has been positively associated with bone mineral density (BMD), but the impact of increased adiposity on bone especially in children is controversial. Several biomarkers, secreted by adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, or bone, may have important roles in the bone health. Our aim was to study the association of body composition, adipokines, myokines, inflammation-related cytokines, growth factors, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) with BMD in children.
Methods: A population sample of 472 prepubertal Finnish children (245 boys) aged 6–8 years was studied. BMD and body composition were determined using whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and the biomarkers were analysed from fasting blood samples. The associations of LM, percent of body fat (%BF), and the biomarkers with BMD of the total body without head were analysed and the differences in means of BMD, adjusted for height and age, in gender-specific tertiles of LM and %BF were compared.
Results: In linear regression models adjusted for gender, age, and height, higher LM (standardized regression coefficient β=0.708, P<0.001), %BF (β=0.361, P<0.001) insulin (β=0.102, P=0.010), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; β=0.087, P=0.028), leptin (β=0.275, P<0.001), irisin (β=0.079, P=0.048), high-sensitive CRP (hs-CRP, β=0.088, P=0.023), S-25(OH)D (β=0.086, P=0.036), DHEAS (β=0.100, P=0.012), and lower leptin receptor levels (β=−0.260, P<0.001) were associated with higher BMD. Insulin, HOMA-IR, leptin, hs-CRP and DHEAS were not associated with BMD after adjustment for %BF, and HOMA-IR, S-25(OH)D, and DHEAS were not associated with BMD after adjustment for LM. Leptin receptor and irisin were associated with BMD independent of adjustments. Children who were in the lowest tertile of both LM and PBF had the lowest BMD (mean: 0.695 g/cm2; 95% confidence interval: 0.685–0.704). Children who were in the highest tertile of both LM and %BF had the highest BMD (0.765; 0.755–0.774).
Conclusions: Both LM and %BF had positive associations with BMD in a population sample of mainly normal-weight prepubertal Finnish children. Irisin had a positive and leptin receptor level had a negative association with BMD independent of LM and %BF. The role of these biomarkers as possible mediating factors between body composition and BMD need further research.
Disclosure: The authors declared no competing interests.
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