Bone Abstracts

Sarcopenia has been indicated as one of the important markers of frailty among the elderly. This study aims to evaluate mortality risk among Japanese elderly persons with sarcopenia, taking into account lifestyle and physical factors.From among a population-based community cohort, the Adult Health Study conducted at RERF, 1880 subjects (626 men and 1 254 women) aged 47–95 years old were enrolled in a prospective and longitudinal cohort study in Hiro...

Fractures of the hip are serious complications associated with osteoporosis. In previous work we found evidence of osteoblast dysfunction in middle aged men with idiopathic osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate gene expression and bone microarchitecture in bone samples derived from elderly men with osteoporotic hip fractures. Femoral heads and adjacent bone tissue from 12 men with low-trauma hip fractures (mean age 82±7 years) and consecutive surgical hip...

Purpose: To determine the association between socio-economic status (SES) and risk of hip fracture.Methods: Retrospective cohort study. We used a population database which contains primary care and hospital inpatient records of over >5 million people. Anyone registered in this database in 2009–2012 and resident in an urban area was eligible. Main measures: a validated SES composite index (accounting for proportion of unemployed, insufficiently e...

Background and aims: Low bone formation is the main pathogenic mechanism of osteoporosis in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Sclerostin, an inhibitor of the Wnt pathway, is involved in the regulation of osteoblastogenesis and little is known about its role in the development of bone disease in PBC. Thus, we evaluated the circulating levels of sclerostin and its relationship to bone mass, the parameters of mineral metabolism and liver disease severity.Met...

Phosphorus intake in western countries is high due to abundant consumption of animal protein and also because of the expanding use of highly absorbable food additive phosphate (FAP) salts in food processing. P is essential for hydroxyapatite in bone, but short-term studies have shown that high P, especially FAP, intake has acute negative effects on bone metabolism. In this study, we investigated the associations between dietary P intake and bone turnover markers by using a cro...

Introduction: It has been reported that low bone mass is common in patients with pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, in healthy non-smoking women, the relationship between bone mass and pulmonary function has yet to be clarified. The object of this study was to determine whether pulmonary function is related to BMD in healthy non-smoking women based on menopausal status.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional stu...

Objective: Individuals with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk despite higher bone mineral density (BMD). There are few studies regarding the effect of diabetes on bone mineral density and hip geometry in Asian population. The aim of this study was to examine the gender-specific influence of diabetes on BMD and hip geometry.Subjects and methods: A total of 1334 subjects (571 men and 763 women) ≥50 years of age were analyzed using data fro...

Objective: To evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) of the axial and appendicular skeleton in a group of collegiate dance students undergoing intensive training between a 24 months interval and to correlate these changes to the presence or absence of apparent athlete triad syndrome (ATS).Methods: Forty full time collegiate dance students were recruited from a tertiary Performing Arts Institute. All subjects had basic anthropometric measurements, a full...

Calcium (Ca) and vitamin D nutritional status effects on oral health were evaluated in 85 healthy women aged between 20 and 30 years (24.6±0.4). They attended the first year of the Nutrition Carrier at the Private University (ISALUD, Buenos Aires, Argentine). Usual Ca intake (CaI) was determined by a food-frequency questionnaire that included consumption of dairy products and calcium-enriched foods. Blood samples were obtained in a fasting state in winter: the end of Augu...

Purpose: Osteoporosis and fractures are prevalent in orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients but data on these skeletal complications are scarce in patients with end-stage liver disease awaiting liver transplantation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of osteoporosis and vertebral fractures at screening for OLT, to determine risk factors for skeletal pathology and to evaluate the predictive value of BMD for fracture risk in these patients.<p class="a...

Aim: Aim of our study was to investigate the serum adiponectin, leptin, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels and its expressions in the adipose tissue, and their relationships with bone metabolism and in patients with severe C chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Materials and methods: Serum leptin, adiponectin, OPG, the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and bone turnover markers (osteocalcin and type 1 collagen C-telopeptide (C...

Individuals with type 1 diabetes have over a sixfold increased risk of sustaining a hip fracture compared to the general population. Despite this, bone fragility is not recognized as a classic diabetes-related complication and many diabetes guidelines make no mention of fracture prevention or bone health.We studied bone health in a population of patients with known type 1 diabetes being followed by endocrinologists at an academic centre. Patients filled ...

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of low bone mass, the influence of amenorrhea on bone mineral density (BMD), and the cause of amenorrhea that provoke the severe low bone mass in premenopausal women.Materials and methods: One hundred and seventy one women diagnosed with amenorrhea in premenopausal women were included in this study. All patients underwent history taking, gynecological examination, and check serum hormone l...

Objective: To evaluate the BMD changes around 2 years after delivery using standard dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the lumbar spine and hip, peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT) of the distal tibia and radius, and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the oscalcis.Methods: Consecutive patients with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were recruited from a general obstetric clinic. Standard BMD measurements of the lumbar spine and ...

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture than controls without diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the 10-year probability of hip fracture and a major osteoporotic fracture using the FRAX algorithm between Postmenopausal Korean women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: We used data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2009. The me...

Introduction: The reported prevalence of secondary causes for osteoporosis in men and women aged ≥50 years with a fracture is 35–60%, but data on these causes are scarce in patients with osteopenia and fractures.Objective: To investigate whether secondary causes for osteoporosis are prevalent and may contribute to fracture risk in patients aged ≥50 years with osteopenia and a recent fracture.Materials and methods: ...

Objective: The objective of this observational cross-sectional study is to identify the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in healthy women in Greece, as reflected by the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), since recent data indicate that vitamin D deficiency can be common in countries previously considered as low risk (e.g. Mediterranean countries).Materials and methods: A population of 840 community dwelling women was recruited at the health promo...

Objective: To determine associations between the adipokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and its receptors sTNFR I, II, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin, pulmonary function testing, bone mineral density (BMD) and nutritive status in severe COPD.Materials and methods: We determined BMD, serum adipokine and ghrelin in 48 patients with severe COPD and and 52 age and sex matched controls.Bone density at lumbar spine ...

Aim of research: To determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia affecting the Ukrainian men in relation to the bone mineral density and TBS.Object of research: The Ukrainian men (n=132), age of the examined patients –from 50 to 80 years. Average age of examined patients was 58.2±1.3 years. According to the levels of uric acid in the blood serum, all patients were divided in four quartiles.Methods of research: Uric ...

The aim of the work was to determine the influence of vitamin D deficiency on bone mineral density in schoolchildren.Methods: There were examined 304 children aged 10–18 years. The boys consisted 55.0%. The average age of boys was 12.9±0.2 and girls – 12.4±0.2 years old. Researches included ultrasound densitometry of calcaneus by SAHARA (Hologic), blood chemistry, 25(OH)D and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) in plasma were determined...

Objectives: To compare the incidence of osteoporosis and the related factors among fracture sites in above 50-year-old patients with fractures caused by low-energy trauma.Materials and methods: 714 patients with fracture from low energy trauma were evaluated retrospectively. By the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, we measured bone mineral density BMD at lumbar spine and proximal femur, and compared the incidence of osteoporosis, age, sex, BMI, previous ...

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated to an higher risk of fractures despite a normal or increased bone mineral density measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).The purpose of this 3-years longitudinal study was to assess the changes of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters in a group of postmenopausal women with T2DM and in healthy controls.Materials and method: The analyses were performed on a gro...

Using ovariectomized rats as an animal model of postmenopausal women, we examined the causal relationship between fluoride (F) exposure and the high risk of development of osteoporosis. In order to obtain the estrogen (Es) deficient animals, 5-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats, which were overiectomized at 3- and the 5-week-old female rats without ovariectomy were purchased. The overiectomized rats were divided into two groups: the Es deficient, and the combination of Es defic...

Introduction: Optimal 25(OH)D serum level is very important for bone health and calcium–phosphate homeostasis as well as for optimal function of many organs and tissues. The consequences of vitamin D deficiency are mineralization defects, which may lead to osteomalacia in the long-term, and muscle weakness, causing falls and fractures.Objectives: The aim of the research is to determine the frequency of vitamin D deficiency and it’s influence on...

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have an increased risk of hip and vertebral fractures compared to non-T2DM subjects. The bone mineral density (BMD) does not reflect the impaired bone quality in T2DM patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between BMD and bone formation (N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, PINP; osteocalcin, OC) and bone resorption (cross-linked C-telopeptides of bone type I collagen, CTX) markers, as well as cha...

Background: It is now known that the osteoporosis starts developing childhood. Children’s age is characterized by intensive accumulation of bone mass. By the end of puberty the level of bone mass in many parts of the skeleton reaches 86% of the bone mass of an adult and in some parts it reaches 100%.The processes of bone metabolism closely connected with the level of the vitamin D, in the body because it has a pronounced effect on calcium homeostasi...

Introduction: Vitamin D is essential for calcium metabolism as well as for fracture prevention. It plays a major role in bone health. A high prevalence of inadequacy has been reported in many studies. A serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level of 30 ng/ml (75 nmol/l) has been proposed as the minimum for adequate vitamin D nutrition. The prevalence of inadequacy in different regions of the world has not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate and propose new base...

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD), decreased bone strength and increased incidence of fragility fractures. It is one of the major public health conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide. Osteopenia is a potential precursor of osteoporosis and identifying this condition is a pivotal step to institute preventive strategies at younger age, leading to delay in onset or prevention of the disease, thus r...

Aim: Low serum vitamin D levels are common in sunny Lebanon. Vitamin D is essential component of osteoporosis management strategies. This study surveys the referral rate of Lebanese males for vitamin D testing.Subjects and methods: A 13 000 Lebanese subjects included in this study were coming for routine check-ups. Patients on renal dialysis and cancer patients on chemotherapy were excluded. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D is considered the best indicator of ...

Objective: It was to determine the prevalence of clinical risk factors for osteoporosis in medical inpatients.Method: Data was collected on a patient questionnaire through a point prevalence study targeting patients aged 50 and above.Results: 117 patients (62 females and 55 males) met the age criteria. Non-modifiable risk factors were white/Caucasian race (100%), age 75 years and above (66%), female sex (53%), previous fragility fr...

Introduction: Bone is a dynamically changing organ. Reduction of mechanical loading on bone inhibits bone formation and accelerates bone resorption. Prolonged immobilization in casts, therapeutic bed rest and application of external fixations to treat fractures are common causes of disuse osteoporosis.Case Report: We report a case of striking osteoporosis in a 11 years old Syrian boy with a complex open right leg wound following a blast injury (24.03.201...

Introduction and aim: Vitamin D plays an important role in bone growth. In children, low levels can cause rickets. In adults, low levels can lead to osteoporosis and fragility fractures. The aim of this survey was to get information about vitamin D levels in Lebanese population.Subjects and methods: Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level is considered to be the best indicator of vitamin D status. 13 000 subjects included in this study were coming for routine c...

Osteoblastic MMPs are important actors of bone remodeling. We showed previously that osteoblast specific overexpression of TIMP1, an inhibitor of MMPs, prevents the bone loss induced by ovariectomy mainly through inhibition of bone resorption. We hypothesized that inhibition of the MMP3 could be implicated in the protective effect of TIMP1 and that MMP3 polymorphisms located in the proximal promoter of MMP3 gene could be associated to post-menopausal bone loss in women.<p ...

Purpose: To determine whether and which co-morbidities (amongst those included in the Charlson co-morbidity index) confer an increased risk of hip fracture amongst elderly men.Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using a population database which contains primary care and hospital inpatient records of over >2 million people. All men aged ≥65 years registered on 1/1/2007 were followed up until 31/12/2009. Both exposure (co-morbi...

Introduction: Recent data suggest that lipid metabolism imbalances affect osteoblast and osteoclast function resulting in altered bone mass quality and quantity. Here we investigated the role of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), key-element in HDL biogenesis in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in mice.Materials and methods: Lumbar vertebrae and femora from apoA-I deficient (ApoA-I−/−) and WT (ApoA-I<s...

Introduction: Recent data suggest that lipid metabolism imbalances affect bone cell function and therefore may result in the development of osteoporosis. We investigated the role of apolipoprotein-E (ApoE), a plasma protein playing cardinal role in lipoprotein metabolism, in the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast function and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.Material and methods: We used apoE deficient (ApoE−/−) and C57BL/6 (c...

Osteoporosis is common in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Since osteoblasts express receptors for CXCL8 and CCL20, which are produced by inflammatory cells around the inflamed joints in RA, we hypothesized that CXCL8 and CCL20 contribute to osteoporosis in RA by affecting osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and osteoblast-osteoclast communication.Primary human osteoblasts were cultured±CXCL8 (2–200 pg/ml) and CCL20 (5–500 pg/ml) for 14 d...

Wnt/β-catenin signaling, also called canonical Wnt signaling, is important for regulating bone formation. Previous studies reported that deletion of secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP1), a Wnt antagonist, enhanced trabecular bone accrual in adult mice. Tadalafil, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), is widely used for treating male erectile dysfunction (ED) in clinical. Inhibition of PDE5 increases cGMP levels and then activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase (...